Written by Ehtesamul Hoque In the mid-1800s, Sultan Abdülmecid I of the Ottoman Empire looked toward the city of Madinah with a heart full of longing. He didn't just want to repair Masjid e Nabawi; he wanted to rebuild it in a way that the world had never seen before....

From the Ottoman Empire’s rise in the fourteenth century to the upheavals of the First World War, Christians lived as protected subjects within a Muslim-ruled imperial system. As the Ottoman Empire increasingly expanded, it incorporated vast Christian populations:...

Ottoman Innovations and Inventions Advanced Military Technology and the Great Bombards One of the most dramatic technological achievements of the Ottoman Empire was its development and deployment of massive cannons, especially...